APS Guide Overview

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: Travel by Blind Pedestrians

Chapter 3: Understanding Traffic Signals

Chapter 4: Features of APS

Chapter 5: When to Install APS

Chapter 6: Designing APS Installations

Chapter 7: Installation & Operation

Chapter 8: Public Education

Chapter 9: U.S. Case Sudies

Chapter 10: International Case Studies

Appendix A: Current Guidelines

Appendix B: Product Information

Appendix C: Research on APS

• Research on problems of blind pedestrians
• Effects of APS on particular street crossing tasks
• Effects of APS on independence and confidence
• Effects of WALK signal characteristics
• Accuracy and speed in identifying WALK indication for a given crossing
• Research on source of the WALK signal
• Research on other APS features
• Other concerns and needs
• Need for additional research
• References

Appendix D: Prioritization Tool Instructions and Forms

Appendix E: Glossary

References

Resources

Abbreviations

Appendix C: Research on APS

Introduction

Throughout the preceding chapters of this Guide, references were made to various studies to support the recommendations given in those chapters. Interested readers may wish to see more details on the studies underlying these recommendations. This appendix was designed for such readers. This appendix reviews the research literature on APS including:

• Research on problems of blind pedestrians
• Effects of APS on particular street crossing tasks
• Effects of APS on independence and confidence
• Effects of WALK signal characteristics
• Accuracy and speed in identifying WALK indication for a given crossing
• Research on source of the WALK signal
• Research on other APS features
• Other concerns and needs
• Need for additional research
• References