References

  1. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways (MUTCD). U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Washington, D.C., Revision 1, 2003. www.mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov. Accessed Jan. 28, 2008.
  2. Draft Guidelines for Accessible Public Rights-of-Way (Draft PROWAG). U.S. Access Board, Washington, D.C, 2002; revised November 2005. www.access-board.gov/prowac/draft.htm. Accessed Jan. 28, 2008.
  3. MUTCD 2000: Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, Millennium Edition. Federal Highway Administration, Dec. 2000.
  4. Barlow, J. M., B. L. Bentzen, and L. Tabor. NCHRP Research Results Digestion 278. Accessible Pedestrian Signals: Synthesis and Guide to Best Practice. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, July 2003.
  5. A U.S. DOT Policy Statement: Integrating Bicycling and Walking into Transportation Infrastructure. www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bikeped/design.htm. Accessed Jan. 18, 2008.
  6. Notice of Proposed Amendments: National Standards for Traffic Control Devices; the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways; Revision. Fed. Reg. 73 (1), pp. 268–334, Jan. 2, 2008.
  7. ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities. U.S. Access Board, Washington, D.C., 2002. www.access-board.gov/adaag/html/adaag.htm#purpose. Accessed Jan. 28, 2008.
  8. Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory Committee (PROWAAC). Building a True Community: Final Report. Access Board, Washington, DC, Jan. 2001.
  9. Department of Justice. Appendix B to Part 36.Preamble to Regulation on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodation and in Commercial Facilities. July 26, 1991. www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/reg3a.html#Anchor- Appendix-53283. Accessed Jan. 20, 2008.
  10. Isler, Frederick. Information: Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory. U.S. Access Board Memorandum to Federal Highway Administration, Jan. 23, 2006. www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bikeped/prwaa.htm. Accessed Jan. 28, 2008.
  11. Brabyn, J. A., G. Haegerström-Portnoy, M. E. Schneck, and L A. Lott. Visual impairments in elderly people under everyday viewing conditions. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 94, pp. 741–755, 2000.
  12. Adams, P. F., G. E. Hendershot, and M. A. Marano. Current Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1996. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Statistics, 10, 200, 1999.
  13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Blindness and Vision Impairment. Online fact sheet; updated 2003. www.cdc.gov/communication/tips/blindness.htm.
  14. The Lighthouse National Survey on Vision Loss: The Experience, Attitudes, and Knowledge of Middle-Aged and Older Americans. New York: The Lighthouse Inc., 1995.
  15. Health and Activity Limitations Post-Censal Survey (HALS). Statistics Canada, Catalogue No. 89-542-XPE, 1995.
  16. Schmeidler, E, and D. Halfmann. Distribution of people with visual impairment by community type, prevalence of disability, and growth of the older population. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 92, pp. 380–381, 1998.
  17. Bentzen, B. L., J. M. Barlow, and L. Franck. Speech messages for accessible pedestrian signals. ITE Journal, 74 (9), pp. 20-24, 2004.
  18. The Use of Puffin Pedestrian Crossings. Network Management Advisory Leaflet, Network Management and Driver Information Division, Department of Transport, The Stationery Office, London, U.K., March 1993.
  19. Boodlal, Leverson. Accessible Sidewalks and Street Crossings.An Informational Guide. FHWA-SA-03-01. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. safety.fhwa.dot.gov/programs/ped_bike.htm. Accessed January 20, 2008.
  20. McMillen, Barbara. Handout at ProWalk/ProBike Conference (unpublished). Minneapolis, MN, Sept. 2002.
  21. Harkey, D., D. Carter, J. M. Barlow, B. L. Bentzen, A. F. Scott, and L. Myers. Guidelines for Accessible Pedestrian Signals. Final Report, NCHRP Project 3-62. 2006.
  22. Barlow, J. M., and L. Franck. Crossroads: Modern interactive intersections and accessible pedestrian signals. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 99 (10), pp. 599–610, 2005.
  23. Association for Education and Rehabilitation of the Blind and Visually Impaired, Environmental Access Committee of the Orientation and Mobility Division. Requesting an Accessible Pedestrian Signal. aerbvi.org/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=56. Accessed February 27, 2008.

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